Hydraulics bɛ se ka fɔ i n’a fɔ barokun dɔrɔn injiniyɛriw bɛ nisɔndiya, nka jateminɛ kɛ? A jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ an ka don o don masinw na. Yala i delila ka sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla dɔ ye a bolo belebeleba lamaga wa? O ye hydrauliques ye action (wale) la. Wa o lamaga-lamagali nɔgɔlen kɔfɛ, yɔrɔ fitinin hakilitigi dɔ bɛ yen: Direction de contrôle de contrôle . A to ne ka i ta a fɛ cogo la min faamuyali ka nɔgɔn .
1. Jibolisira ɲɛminɛlan ye mun ye?
Directional control valves (DCV) ye fɛn nafamaw ye jiko siratigɛ la, minnu dabɔra ka jibolisiraw ka jibɔ sira ɲɛnabɔ tigitigi . U ka baara koloma ye ka actuator lamagacogo, a daminɛ, ani a jɔli (i n’a fɔ hydraulique silindaw walima motɛriw) ɲɛminɛ ni u kɛli ye i n’a fɔ jibɔ-yɔrɔ-minɛn min bɛ se ka wuli.
Baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔnw & Baarakɛcogo:
Flow Path Control & Directional Switching: DCVw bɛ baara kɛ ni kɔnɔna jibɔ siraw caman cili ye. U bɛ ji bila ka bɔ pɔnpe la (degun sɔrɔyɔrɔ) ka taa actuator ports kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na ani ka ji segin ka bɔ actuator la ka taa tanki la (return line). O jibɔ siraw sɛgɛsɛgɛli tigitigi (misali la, ji ɲɛsin silinda dɔ ma min tɛ bere walima bere laban ye) o bɛ actuator ka lamaga sira dɔn k’a ɲɛsin a ma (misali la, hydraulique cylinder extension ou retraction).
Actuator Movement Control (Actuator lamaga-lamagali kunkanko): Ni ji sira caman b’a la, DCVw bɛ se ka baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ u ka se ka lamagacogo daminɛ, k’a jɔ, ani k’a wuli o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ . actuators (baarakɛminɛnw)
Degun ɲɛnabɔli (Axiliary function): DCV dilancogo dɔw walima a kɛcogo dɔw bɛ se ka dɛmɛ don cogo la min tɛ ɲɛ, ni ji bɛ bɔ layini kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na ka taa tanki walima dɛmɛnan dɔ la.
Jatebɔ:
Directional Control valves bɛ tila fɔlɔ ka kɛ suguya saba ye:
hydraulique check valves: A bɛ sira di ji bɔli ma sira kelen dɔrɔn fɛ.
Directional spool valves: Aw bɛ baara kɛ ni spool sliding ye bore kɔnɔ walasa ka jibɔ siraw wuli ani ka u siri/ka tigɛ. Nin ye dilan ye min ka ca ni tɔw bɛɛ ye.
Poppet valves (sigida-suguya siratigɛ la): Aw bɛ baara kɛ ni sigilanw ye (poppets, balls, discs) minnu bɛ da walima ka da sigilanw kan walasa ka jibɔ siraw kɔlɔsi.
2.Cogo min na directionnel control valves bɛ baara kɛ .
Directional control valves (DCV) ye jiko siratigɛw cɛmancɛ ye, u bɛ ji bolicogo siratigɛ ɲɛnabɔ tigitigi ani ON/OFF cogoyaw jibolisiraw kɔnɔ walasa ka baara nafama caman sɔrɔ. U jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ ye ka ji ɲɛsin, ka jibolisira tulu bɔ pɔnpe la ka taa a bila a la (i n’a fɔ a janya/ka bɔ a la . Hydraulique silindaw walima motɛrɛw wulilenw ɲɛfɛ/kɔfɛ) walima ka segin tulu bilasira ka bɔ actuateurs kɔ ka taa tanki kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka ɲɛmɔgɔyaso yɔrɔw lamagacogo ɲɛminɛ k’a ɲɛsin u ma.
U fana bɛ se ka jibɔ balili sekow sɔrɔ, o bɛ sira di jibɔ sira kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma u ka dabila sigida ladonni walima baarakɛbaliya waati la. O bɛ sistɛmu yɔrɔ fitininw bɔ ɲɔgɔn na, ka sistɛmu dabila dafalenw bali ani ka ladonniko ɲɛ kosɛbɛ. Walasa ka se ka ɲɛnabɔli kɛ ka ɲɛ, valvew bɛ to ka jɔyɔrɔ neutre mara , yɔrɔ min na ji bɛ to a cogo la ani a labɛnnen don, a bɛ jibɔ sira baara dɔrɔn baarakɛ cikan sɔrɔlen kɔfɛ.
Valve ka baarakɛcogo bɛ sinsin dynamic spool switching kan . Ni opereli dɔ ka kan ka kɛ, DCV bɛ jɔyɔrɔfalen-falen-minɛn (misali la, da wulilen dafalen fo ka se a dafalen ma) daminɛ ni bololabaara, otomatiki, walima sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ye min bɛ kɛ ka kɔn a ɲɛ. O bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka ji teliya walima ka teliya, ka a kɛ ka a kɛ ka a kɛ ka a daminɛ walima ka a jɔ. Ni valve proportional dɔ bɛ baara kɛ, jibɔ bɛ labɛn ka ɲɛ ni dakun daminɛni ye dɔɔnin dɔɔnin, ka teliya flexible ani deceleration control sɔrɔ actuator la. O baara bannen kɔfɛ, valve bɛ segin a cogo la a yɛrɛ ma, ka 'standby → activation → reset' baarakɛcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli dafa.
Jatebla dilancogo siratigɛ la, DCV nɔgɔman ye . Two-way valve , min bɛ ni dondaw ni bɔdaw dɔrɔn ye, min bɛ baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔn di a ma ni masinw dabɔli ni dadon ye (a bɛ tali kɛ sariya la ka taa jibolisira dɔ la). Ni DCV sugandi, paramɛtiri jɔnjɔn saba ka kan ka jateminɛ kosɛbɛ: jibolisiraw hakɛ bɛ pibiliki ɲɔgɔndanw hakɛ dantigɛ (misali la, sira 2 bɛ bɛn port fila ma) bɛ Valve positions hakɛ flow sira cogoyaw gɛlɛya ɲɛfɔ (misali la, 3-position valve bɛ sira caman di i n’a fɔ ɲɛfɛ-neutre-reverse); ani degun hakɛ ka kan ka bɛn kosɛbɛ sistɛmu ka baarakɛ tansiyɔn kuru ma walasa ka dannaya sɔrɔ.
3.Danni siraw ni segin-ka-bɔnyew jɔyɔrɔ .
Tansiyɔn layini (P) : A bɛ ji bɔ pɔnpe la .
Seginkanni layini (T) : A bɛ ji baaralen segin ka taa tanki kɔnɔ .
Baarakɛminɛnw (A & B) : Aw bɛ ji ta ka taa/ka bɔ actuator la .
Valve bɛ o fɛnw siri ɲɔgɔn na cogoya wɛrɛw la walasa ka masin lamaga.
4.Operasiyɔn kɔlɔsili ani nafa min bɛ ɲɛsin ɲɛminɛni kɔlɔsili dakunw ma .
Directional Control Valves (DCV) bɛ baarakɛcogo ni kunbɛnni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman di minnu bɛ bɛn baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma. Actuation (walekɛcogo) minnu bɛ yen, olu ye ninnu ye:
Solenoid actuation: A bɛ baara kɛ ni kuran fanga ye (a bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔw fɛ i n’a fɔ bobine, armatures, walima pilons) walasa ka valve control tigitigi ni dannamɔgɔ sɔrɔ.
Bololabaarakɛlaw ka baarakɛcogo : A bɛ hadamadenw ka dɛmɛ tilennen kɛ (misali la, bololafɛnw walima sennafɛnw) walasa ka baara tilennen kɛ baara bɛnnenw na.
Mekaniki baarakɛcogo: A bɛ da a kan ko fanga bɛ kɛ masin na (misali la, ka tɛmɛ cams, leviers, walima rollers) kan walasa ka valve wuli.
Pneumatic Actuation: A bɛ fiɲɛ minɛlen kɛ walasa ka fanga sɔrɔ min ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka sumanw jiginni teliya ani ka u kɛ ka ɲɛ.
Hydraulique Actuation: A bɛ jibolisiraw ka tansiyɔn ta walasa ka valve spool lamaga, ka se ka fanga ni tigitigi kunbɛn.
Kɔrɔlen jɔyɔrɔ kɔlɔsili baarakɛcogo:
Spring Return: A b’a jira ko valve bɛ segin a yɛrɛma ka taa a bila yɔrɔ la min latigɛra (misali la, neutre) ni a bɛ baara kɛ ni fanga ye min bɛ baara kɛ. O nafa ka bon lakana, sigida kɛcogo la min bɛ se ka fɔ ka ɲɛ, ani jibɔcogo tigitigi.
Detented operation (Position Holding): A bɛ baara kɛ ni masinw ka latching mechanism ye walasa ka valve mara ka ɲɛ a cogo la min jiginna hali ni a bɛ baara kɛ ni fanga ye min bɛ baara kɛ. O nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ baarakɛcogo la min bɛ kɛ ni valve positionnement sabatilen ye, min bɛ mɛn sen na walasa ka sigida baarakɛcogo sabati.
5.Baarakɛcogo kɔlɔsili ani nafa min bɛ ɲɛsin ɲɛminɛni kɔlɔsili dakunw ma .
Directional Control Valves (DCV) bɛ baarakɛcogo ni kunbɛnni fɛɛrɛ suguya caman di minnu bɛ bɛn baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma. Actuation (walekɛcogo) minnu bɛ yen, olu ye ninnu ye:
Solenoid actuation: A bɛ baara kɛ ni kuran fanga ye (a bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔw fɛ i n’a fɔ bobine, armatures, walima pilons) walasa ka valve control tigitigi ni dannamɔgɔ sɔrɔ.
Bololabaarakɛlaw ka baarakɛcogo : A bɛ hadamadenw ka dɛmɛ tilennen kɛ (misali la, bololafɛnw walima sennafɛnw) walasa ka baara tilennen kɛ baara bɛnnenw na.
Mekaniki baarakɛcogo: A bɛ da a kan ko fanga bɛ kɛ masin na (misali la, ka tɛmɛ cams, leviers, walima rollers) kan walasa ka valve wuli.
Pneumatic Actuation: A bɛ fiɲɛ minɛlen kɛ walasa ka fanga sɔrɔ min ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka sumanw jiginni teliya ani ka u kɛ ka ɲɛ.
Hydraulique Actuation: A bɛ jibolisiraw ka tansiyɔn ta walasa ka valve spool lamaga, ka se ka fanga ni tigitigi kunbɛn.
Kɔrɔlen jɔyɔrɔ kɔlɔsili baarakɛcogo:
Spring Return: A b’a jira ko valve bɛ segin a yɛrɛma ka taa a bila yɔrɔ la min latigɛra (misali la, neutre) ni a bɛ baara kɛ ni fanga ye min bɛ baara kɛ. O nafa ka bon lakana, sigida kɛcogo la min bɛ se ka fɔ ka ɲɛ, ani jibɔcogo tigitigi.
Detented operation (Position Holding): A bɛ baara kɛ ni masinw ka latching mechanism ye walasa ka valve mara ka ɲɛ a cogo la min jiginna hali ni a bɛ baara kɛ ni fanga ye min bɛ baara kɛ. O nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ baarakɛcogo la min bɛ kɛ ni valve positionnement sabatilen ye, min bɛ mɛn sen na walasa ka sigida baarakɛcogo sabati.
6.Ka ɲɛsin ɲɛminɛcogo ɲuman ma min bɛ se ka kɛ .
Ka ɲɛsin sirako ɲɛnabɔli-minɛn bɛnnen (DCV) ma , o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ walasa ka i ka ji-sɛnɛ-minɛn ka baara kɛcogo ɲɛ. DCVw bɛ tila ni jogo nafama caman ye, k’a lajɛ ko i bɛ se ka dafalen sɔrɔ i ka baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen na. O jogo ninnu dɔw ye:
Maximum flow and pressure ratings: Ninnu bɛ jibɔ hakɛ maksimali jira (ji hakɛ min bɛ se ka tɛmɛ) ani baarakɛ tansiyɔn hakɛ dantigɛlen (degun min ka bon kosɛbɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ ni valve bɛ se ka min minɛ lafiya la baara kɛtuma na). Nin ko fila in de ye fɛnba ye bawo u bɛ tali kɛ fanga ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman na i ka sigida bɛ se ka min sɔrɔ. Ka tɛmɛ o dantigɛliw kan, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sistɛmu dɛsɛ ani ka faratiw lase mɔgɔ ma.
Fluid sira labɛncogo: O bɛ a ɲɛfɔ cogo min na ji bɛ se ka woyo ka tɛmɛ valve fɛ.
Misali la , , sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan o ye 2-way, 2-position valve suguya ye. A ka c’a la, a bɛ boli ni layini tansiyɔn ye, o b’a to ji bɛ se ka woyo hɔrɔnya la sira kelen fɛ nka a bɛ jibɔ bali pewu sira wɛrɛ fɛ. Aw bɛ miiri a la i n’a fɔ sira kelen da ye aw ka jibolisiraw kama.
Shuttle valve ye misali ye min bɛ sɔrɔ sira 3, 2-position valve kan. A bɛ sira Di ni hakilitigiya ye ka Bɔ donna-yɔrɔ fla la minnu tɛ kelen ye, olu bɛ Se ka ɲɛsin bɔli-yɔrɔ kelen ma min bɛ Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. O nafa ka bon kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la ni aw mago bɛ ka tansiyɔn taamasiɲɛ suguya fila sugandi walasa ka actuator dɔ mara.
Jyɔrɔ hakɛ: DCVw ka teli ka jɔyɔrɔ fila walima saba sɔrɔ ..
A ka c'a la, valve fila -fila bɛ 'on' ani ' cogoya di, walima laala 'forward' ani 'reverse.'
A ka c’a la, fɛn saba-yɔrɔ-dafalen bɛ kunnafoni-falen-falen-yɔrɔ-ko-ɲɛnabɔli-minɛn di, i n’a fɔ 'ɲɛ, 'neutral,' ani 'reverse.' jɔyɔrɔ-yɔrɔ-yɔrɔko ka teli ka kɛ ko nafama ye walasa a ka se ka a jɔyɔrɔ minɛ walima ka fanga bɔ a la k'a sɔrɔ a ma a da tugun pewu.
Ports hakɛ: O bɛ tali kɛ ji sira danfaralenw hakɛ la , ji bɛ se ka don walima ka bɔ yɔrɔ min na. Misali min ka teli ka kɛ, o ye 4-port, 3-position valve ye min bɛ kɛ tuma caman na ka hydraulique silindaw (donda kelen) mara (yɔrɔ kelen min bɛ kɛ degun na, kelen bɛ segin ka bɔ silinda fan kelen-kelen bɛɛ la, ani tanki layini).
Actuation Method (Drive): O bɛ a ɲɛfɔ cogo min na valve bɛ wuli walima ka cycle kɛ a jɔyɔrɔw danfaralenw cɛ. Baarakɛcogo minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na, olu ye:
Manuel: A bɛ baara kɛ ni bolo ye, ni leviers ye, walima ni senna-pedaliw ye.
Solenoid (Solenoid): Kuran bɛ baara kɛ ni min ye, o bɛ sɔrɔ otomatiki siratigɛ la.
Hydraulique/pneumatique pilote: a bɛ mara ni hydraulique walima pneumatique signal fitinin ye.
Mekaniki: Actuated by cam, rollers, walima masinw ka ɲɔgɔndan wɛrɛw.
AQS .
1. Yala sira kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ se ka silinda caman kunbɛn wa?
A tɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ. A ka c’a la, silinda kelen-kelen bɛɛ mago bɛ a yɛrɛ ka valve la walasa a kana tigɛ.
2. Danfara jumɛn bɛ cɛmancɛ da wulilen ni cɛmancɛ valvew cɛ?
Open center bɛ a to pɔnpe ka taa ka taa tanki la ni neutre ye. Cɛmancɛ dagalen bɛ port bɛɛ bali, ka degun minɛ.
3. Mun na aw bɛ baara kɛ ni 3-position valve ye 2-position nɔ na?
Neutre (cɛmancɛ) jɔyɔrɔ bɛ sira di baarakɛcogo ɲuman ma ani fanga dɔgɔyali ma.
4. Yala ne bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni DCV ye hydraulique moteur kan wa?
Ɔwɔ, nka aw ye aw jija ka valve bɛn motɛri ka jibɔ ni a ka tansiyɔn jiginni ma.
5. Ne b’a dɔn cogo di ko ne ka valve bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ?
Ni actuators ye jaabi dabila walima ka taa ni u ye cogo la min tɛ wuli, o bɛ se ka bali, ka bɔn, walima ka a siri.
