So jɔli masinw ka 'Joints': Jibolisiraw bɛ nɛgɛso belebelebaw kɛ cogo min na

Mun na sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlaw tɛ baara kɛ ni girin-kɛsu ye walasa k’u ka dagaw boli?

Mɔgɔ o mɔgɔ bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan lajɛ kosɛbɛ a siɲɛ fɔlɔ la, o tigi ka teli ka ɲininkali kelen in kɛ: nin masin in girinya ye tɔni tan ni caman ye — a bɛ taama sira caman ɲɛnabɔ cogo di waati kelen na? Boom bɛ kɔrɔta, bolo bɛ janya, bulon bɛ kurukuru, sanfɛla jɔli bɛ wuli — o bɛɛ bɛ wuli siɲɛ kelen, o bɛɛ bɛ kɛ a yɛrɛma.

Ni masin fanga jiginni kɔrɔlen — girinw, cakɛdaw, cɛsirilanw — tun bɛ kɛ ka sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan 'joint' bɛɛ boli, masin bɛɛ tun bɛna kɛ masinw ka ɲɔgɔndan ye min tɛ se ka ladon. Jiko fɛɛrɛ ye o bɛɛ Changé.

Jilafɛnw bɛ bere gɛlɛnw ni jirisunw bila ji nɔ na. Jibolisira nɔgɔlen dɔ bɛ se ka sa kɛ ka fɛnw lamini, ka fanga ta ka bɔ motɛri yɔrɔ la ka taa a bila daga kun na min bɛ mɛtɛrɛ tan bɔ, ka bolow bɔ sira kan walasa ka lamaga kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔlɔsi tigitigi. O hakilina in de b’a to bi jɔli masinw bɛ se ka fanga tilatilali sɔrɔ min tun tɛna se ka kɛ farikolo ta fan fɛ ni masinw dɔrɔn de ye.

Nin barokun in kɔnɔ, an bɛ baara kɛ ni sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlanw, siraba wulilanw, ani kurunw ye misaliw ye walasa ka jɔli masinw 'joints' tigɛtigɛ — ka ji bolicogo hakilina ɲɛfɔ lamaga kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔfɛ.

1. Seko ni dɔnko cakɛda: Ka bɔ motɛri la ka taa a bila a laban na

Jibolisiraw faamuyali bɛ daminɛ ni faamuyali ye cogo min na jɔli masin ka fanga cikan cakɛda bɛ labɛn cogo min na.

Laadalata masinko siratigɛ la hakilina (tarakitɛri fɔlɔ misali):

Motɛri → Flywheel → Clutch → Gearbox → Driveshaft → Differential → Drive Wheels 

O cakɛda in ka gɛlɛn : lamaga sira wɛrɛ bɛɛ bɛ girin walima bolifɛn wɛrɛ de wajibiya, wa jɔli gɛlɛya bɛ bonya ka taa a fɛ. Ni lamaga-lamagali saba yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalenw — taama, bolifɛn bolicogo ani baarakɛ-minɛnw — ka kan ka boli waati kelen na, masinw ka fɛnw cili bɛ kɛ fɛn ye min tɛ se ka kɛ.

Ji-yɔrɔ-ko hakilina:

Motɛri → Ji-pompi → Circuit de haute pression → Valve de contrôle → [Silindre / Moteur] → Lamaga 

Motɛri ka jiginni masin fanga bɛ fɔlɔ ka wuli ji pɔnpe fɛ ka kɛ ji tansiyɔn fanga ye min maralen bɛ sɛrɛkili kɔnɔ. Kɔlɔsililanw bɛ tulu min bɛ tansiyɔnba la, o bɛ woyo yɔrɔ min na, o de jira; ji silindaw b’a sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ lamaga tilennen ye, ji motɛriw b’a sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ lamaga jiginni ye. O cogo la, bɔgɔdaga ye bolifɛn ye ani a ɲɛminɛlan ye girinbɔlan ye — nka bɔgɔdaga bɛ se ka biri balilan o balilan na, wa bɔgɔdaga bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛ dan tɛ min na ni levier kelen ye.

O ye nafa jɔnjɔn ye jiko la: ka baara kɛ ni ji ye sanni ka kɛ fɛn gɛlɛnw ye walasa ka fanga ci, k’a tila, ani k’a kɔlɔsi yɔrɔ jateminɛ suguya bɛɛ fɛ.

2. Excavateur (Sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan): Nɛgɛ bolo min dilannen don ni ji-joli ye

Excavateur ye kalan gafe misali ye min bɛ kalan di kosɛbɛ ji bolicogo kan. Jiko sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan min bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye, o bɛ kɛ a dɔgɔyalenba la minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn yɛrɛmahɔrɔnya jibolisira duuru , minnu kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ lamaga suguya wɛrɛ boli min jɔnjɔn tɛ kelen ye.

2.1 Boom — Bolo bɛɛ kɔrɔta

Boom ye sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlan kɔnɔfɛn ye min ka bon kosɛbɛ a jɔcogo la, a bɛ sanfɛla jɔli ni bolokɔni cɛsiri. A bɛ kɔrɔta ka jigin ni boom hydraulique silindaw ye (a ka c’a la, silinda fila minnu bɛ sigi ɲɔgɔn fɛ boom ju la).

Ni baarakɛla ye joystick dɔ gɛrɛntɛ, a ɲɛminɛlan bɛ tulu min bɛ tansiyɔnba la, o bila ka don silinda bere laban walima a dakun laban na, ka pisini bere janya walima ka a kɔsegin, ani boom bɛɛ bɛ wuli walima ka bin ka kɛɲɛ n’o ye.

Ɛntɛrinɛti gɛlɛya min bɛ yan, o ye ka jɔyɔrɔ minɛ doni kɔrɔ : boom, bolo, bucket ani payload bɛ se ka tɔni caman girinya u faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, wa hydraulique silinda ka kan ka degun mara walasa boom kana jigin dɔɔnin dɔɔnin a yɛrɛ girinya kɔrɔ ni a jɔlen don. Bi sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlanw bɛ piloti-operated check valves (counterbalance valves) don control valve bloc kɔnɔ, minnu bɛ tulu sɛrɛkili datugu u yɛrɛma ni joystick seginna neutre la, o b’a to boom bɛ se ka wuli tigitigi yɔrɔ o yɔrɔ.

2.2 Bolo (Stick) — Bolo ɲɛfɛla

Bolo bɛ siri boom kun na ani a bɛ boli ni bolokɔni ji silinda ye , o min b’a janya ni a kɔsegincogo kɔlɔsi. Bolo lamagacogo bɛ i n’a fɔ hadamaden bolokɔni kɔrɔtacogo n’a janya, o bɛ bulon secogo tilennen ni a sɔgɔli juguman ɲɛminɛ.

Sɛgɛsɛgɛli jugumanba baara la, bolokɔni silinda ka kan ka bulon donilen girinya bɛɛ dɛmɛ k’a sɔrɔ a bɛ baara kɛ a jɔlen kɛrɛfɛ — ka ɲininibaw kɛ silinda datuguli ni degun minɛcogo la. A ka c’a la, ɛntɛrinɛti sariyaw b’a ɲini bolokɔni silinda pisini bere kana jigin ka tɛmɛ milimɛtɛrɛ 3 kan miniti 30 kɔnɔ ni baarakɛcogo tansiyɔn hakɛ ye.

2.3 Bucket — A bolokɔnincininw

Bulon bɛ siri bolokɔni kun na ani a bɛ mara ni bulon ji silinda ye , o min bɛ daga kuru ka da wuli. Bucket stroke (bucket stroke) ka surun, nka fanga minnu bɛ sɔrɔ dugukolo doncogo la, olu ka bon kosɛbɛ — fara ni dugukolo gɛlɛn bɛ se ka degun wulilenw lawuli megapascal tan tan na sɛrɛkili kɔnɔ milisekɔndi kɔnɔ.

O de kama, a ka c’a la, bulon ni bolokɔni silinda sɛrɛkiliw bɛ kɛ ni lakana dɛmɛnanw ye (doni girinmanw) : ni kɛnɛma fanga ka tansiyɔn tɛmɛna a latigɛlen kan, bɔgɔdaga bɛ degun lajɔ a yɛrɛma, ka silinda tanga tiɲɛni ma ani ka bulon jɔcogo yɔrɔw bali ka kari doni girinya gɛlɛn kɔrɔ.

2.4 Swing — Excavateur ka 'Cɛsiri'.

Sanfɛ-yɔrɔ-swing ye ji-motɛri kɛcogo ye min ka ca ni tɔw bɛɛ ye excavateur kan. Sanfɛla bɛɛ — motɛri, kabini, ani baarakɛminɛn — ka kan ka wuli 360° ka to ka wuli ka kɛɲɛ ni wotoro jukɔrɔla ye. Ji-silinda tɛ se k’o sɔrɔ (stroke ye dan ye); baara in bɛ swing hydraulique motɛri de wajibiya.

Motɛri ka jiginni bɔli bɛ tɛmɛ jiginni dɔgɔyali girinbɔlan dɔ fɛ (a ka c’a la, a bɛ kɛ planete girinw sigilen ye) walasa ka teliya dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ ani ka girinya caya, o kɔfɛ, a bɛ jiginni girinw girin dɔ boli min sirilen bɛ wotoro jukɔrɔ, ka sanfɛla jɔcogo bɛɛ wuli.

Swing motion bɛ wajibi kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw bila hydraulique moteur kan:

• Daminɛ girinya ka bon : sanfɛla jɔcogo bɛ ni jiginni inɛsiba ye wa a bɛ girinya bɛrɛ de wajibiya walasa ka daminɛ ka bɔ jɔli la

• Teliya dɔgɔman sabatili : jɔyɔrɔfalen tigitigi bɛ jiginni nɔgɔya de wajibiya teliya dɔgɔyalenba la — tuma dɔw la 3 rpm duguma — k’a sɔrɔ jiginni si tɛ kɛ

• Frein teliya jaabi : ni baarakɛla ye joystick bila, sanfɛla jɔli ka kan ka frein teliya ani ka ɲɛ, k’a sɔrɔ a ma wuli ka bɔ jiginni inertie la

Walasa ka o wajibiw dafa, excavateur swing moteur belebelebaw bɛ se ka kɛ diɲɛ bɛɛ kɔnɔ radial piston hydraulic motors ye , minnu bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni freinw ni cushion valve assemblies intégrées ye walasa ka daminɛ-dabila kunbɛn cogo nɔgɔman na.

2.5 Taama — 'Sen' yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalen fila.

Excavateur taama bɛ boli ni taama ji-motɛri yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalen fila ye , kelen bɛ sira kelen-kelen bɛɛ la, u kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ bɔli girinya ci taama dɔgɔyali gearbox fɛ ani drive sprocket ka taa sira jɛgɛnsira fɛ.

Numanbolo ni numanbolo motɛriw bɛ mara u yɛrɛma, o bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla ka pivot-turn seko di — numanbolo motɛri ka taa ɲɛfɛ, numanbolo motɛri kɔfɛ, masin bɛ girin o yɔrɔ la; motɛri fila bɛɛ bɛ taa ɲɛfɛ teliya kelen na, masin bɛ taa tilennen. O diferential control (diferential-kɔlɔsili) in bɛ diferential-lock ni steering-clutch mechanisms (diferential-lock) gɛlɛnw de wajibiya drivetrain (minɛn) gansan kɔnɔ, nka hydraulique system (ji-sɛnɛyɔrɔ) la, a mago bɛ control-lever (kɔlɔsili-minɛn) yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalen fila dɔrɔn de la.

A ka c’a la, taama motɛriw bɛ kɛ ni teliya fila ye (yɔrɔ caman/yɔrɔ jiginni): teliya dɔgɔman bɛ jiginniba di, ka girinyaba di, wa a bɛ kɛ ka jiginni kɛ jirisunba jiginni na ani ka yɔrɔ surunw bila yɔrɔ wɛrɛ la doni kɔrɔ teliyaba bɛ jiginni fitinin di, ka rpm caman di, wa a bɛ kɛ ka yɔrɔ lasegin teliya la. Teliya jiginni bɛ sɔrɔ motɛri kɔnɔna fɛn caman sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛ fɛ — kɛnɛma girinbɔlan si tɛ wajibiya.

3. Sira-kurunba: Ji-yɔrɔ min bɛ dugukolo sɔgɔli kɔfɛ ni yɛrɛyɛrɛ ye

Sirako wulilan bɛ baara kɛ ni a ka nɛgɛdaga girinya n’a yɛrɛyɛrɛli ye walasa ka sira sanfɛla fɛnw fara ɲɔgɔn kan. Dɔrɔmɛ kelen-kelen-yɛrɛyɛrɛ-minɛn min bɛ Kɛ cogoya la, o bɛ a jigi Da a ka ji-sɛnɛcogo kan walasa ka baara saba Kɛ waati kelen na: taama-taama-minɛn, dunun-yɛrɛyɛrɛ-yɛrɛyɛrɛli, ani bolifɛn-minɛn min bɛ Weele ko articulé.

3.1 Taama bolicogo

Sira-kurunba tɛ ni girin-kɛsu ye — a taama teliya bɛɛ bɛ mara ni ji-yɔrɔ ye (HST) . Motɛri bɛ piston pɔnpe dɔ boli min bɛ wuli ka wuli , min bɔli bɛ ladilan tuma bɛɛ ni swashplate angle ye : ji caman bɔli kɔrɔ ye taama teliya ye, ji bɔli dɔgɔyali kɔrɔ ye taama teliya ye, ji bɔli kɔsegin kɔrɔ ye taama ye kɔfɛ — o bɛɛ ni debriya tɛ, ni girin jiginni tɛ, ka baara kɛ ni levier kelen dɔrɔn ye min bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen dan tɛ min na.

Taama-motɛri bɛ jɔ ka ɲɛsin bolifɛnw bolicogo ma, ka tulu min bɛ tansiyɔnba sɔrɔ pɔnpe la, ka wuli ka wuli walasa ka taama-wotoro boli. Nin 'pɔnpe-motɛri' sira datugulen in bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ, a bɛ jaabi di, wa a bɛ to ka fɛn caman sɛmɛntiya — bi jɔli masinw taama siraw labɛncogo sariyalen.

3.2 Yɛrɛyɛrɛli dunun bolicogo

Sira-kurunba ka yɛrɛyɛrɛ nɔ bɛ bɔ fɛn dɔ la min bɛ kɛ nɛgɛdaga kɔnɔ, min bɛ boli ni teliyaba ye (a ka c’a la, a bɛ se ka kɛ 1500–3000 ye miniti kɔnɔ) ni yɛrɛyɛrɛ ji-motɛri kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye Massa eccentrique min bɛ wuli ka wuli, o bɛ fanga centrifuge (santirifugal) lase, o min bɛ lase dunun ma i n’a fɔ yɛrɛyɛrɛ waati-ni-waati ni frequences (fɔkanw) ye minnu bɛ 25 ni 50 Hz cɛ a ka c’a la.

Yɛrɛyɛrɛli motɛri bɛ baara kɛ yɔrɔ la min juguya ka bon kosɛbɛ — a bɛ sigi dunun kɔnɔna na, a bɛ siri yɛrɛyɛrɛ sɔrɔyɔrɔ la k’a ɲɛsin a yɛrɛ ma, wa a bɛ doni girinyaba la min bɛ wele ko radial shock loading. Bearing dɛsɛ bɛ yɛrɛyɛrɛ motɛri kɔnɔ, o bɛ yɛrɛyɛrɛ sira bɛɛ jɔ ani ka dɔ bɔ kosɛbɛ compaction nafa la. O de y’a to yɛrɛyɛrɛ motɛriw bɛ ni wajibi gɛlɛnw ye birikiw gɛlɛyali ni nɛgɛso so gɛlɛyali la.

Rulo minnu bɛ fɛn caman ɲɛfɔ, olu bɛɛ bɛ se ka ladilan — ni u ye motɛri teliya ni fasa danfaralen caman ɲɔgɔn falen falen, baarakɛlaw bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn sɛgɛsɛgɛ 'fɛrɛnkanba, amplitude fitinin' cogo (min bɛnnen don asphalt surface layer finishing ma) ani 'low-frequency, large-amplitude' cogoya (min bɛnnen don base course rough ma compaction (dafalan)).

3.3 Bololabaara min bɛ kɛ ni fɛn dɔ ye

Sira wulilan belebelebaw bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛn dilannen ye min bɛ kɛ ni fɛn dɔ ye, o yɔrɔ la, ɲɛfɛla ni kɔfɛla jirisunw yɔrɔw bɛ foli ka kɛɲɛ ni ɲɔgɔn ye, bolifɛnw bolicogo jilama silindaw fɛ . Silindri janya ni a kɔsegin bɛ ɲɛfɛla ni kɔfɛla laminiw wuli ka taa sira wɛrɛw fɛ, ka se ka wulicogo gɛlɛn sɔrɔ. Ni an y’a suma ni masinw ka bolifɛnw bolicogo gansan ye, o fɛɛrɛ in tɛ baarakɛla ka cɛsiri fitinin de wajibiya, a bɛ jaabi tilennen di, wa a tɛ kɛ sababu ye ka bolifɛn ɲɛminɛcogo wuli ka segin kɔfɛ ni dunun bɛ girin yɔrɔw kan minnu tɛ kelen ye.

4.The Crane: Hydraulic Logic kɔfɛ ka doni gɛlɛnw kɔrɔta

Grue mobili ye jibolisira injiniyɛri jiracogo bɛɛ lajɛlen dɔ ye. Grue hydraulique (ji-sɛnɛ) min bɛ kɛ ni wotoro ye, o ka kan ka lamaga-lamagali sira duuru danfaralenw yamaruya waati kelen na: outrigger deployment, boom telescoping, luffing, slewing ani hoisting.

4.1 Outriggers — Jɛkulu min bɛ wele ko Foundation

Sani a ka wuli, gɛrɛn ka kan ka bɔyɔrɔ naani janya walasa ka chassis jack ka bɔ a ka pankurunw na, ka a bali ka wuli doni kɔrɔ. Outrigger kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ bila sen kan ni silinda ye min bɛ janya jɛgɛn (ka outrigger beam gɛrɛ kɛrɛfɛ) ani silinda dɛmɛnan jɔlen (ka beam pad ja jigin duguma walasa ka chassis kɔrɔta).

Baarakɛcogo min wajibiyalen don kosɛbɛ outrigger silindaw la, o ye degun marali kuntaalajan dafalen ye : wuli kelen bɛ se ka to sen na lɛrɛ caman kɔnɔ walima tile bɛɛ. Silindaw ka kan k’u dɛmɛ fanga mara k’a sɔrɔ u ma bɔgɔbɔgɔ foyi kɛ o waati bɛɛ kɔnɔ — ni chassis bɛ jigin dɔɔni dɔɔni, doni jateminɛ jiginni min bɛ sɔrɔ o la, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka bɔnɛba dɔ wuli.

4.2 Teleskɔpi min bɛ kɛ ni boom ye

Bi crane mobili ka boomba bɛ se ka bɔ a janya kɔseginlen na (mɛtɛrɛ 10 ɲɔgɔn) ka se a baarakɛ janya ma (mɛtɛrɛ 60 walima ka tɛmɛ o kan masin belebelebaw kɔnɔ), min bɛ boli ni boom telescoping hydraulique silindaw ye minnu bɛ boom yɔrɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ janya ka tugu ɲɔgɔn na.

4.3 Luffing — Boom Angle ladilanni

Luffing bɛ boom kɛrɛ ladilan ka kɛɲɛ ni horizontal ye, min bɛ boli ni luffing hydraulique cylinder ye . Ni a ye luffing ni boom telescoping fara ɲɔgɔn kan, baarakɛla bɛ jɛgɛ bila a laɲini pick point sanfɛ tigitigi.

4.4 Slewing — Grue ka cɛsirilan jiginni

I n’a fɔ excavateur, crane sanfɛla-slewing bɛ boli ni slewing hydraulique moteur ye . Nka crane slewing baarakɛcogo ka gɛlɛn kosɛbɛ : ni crane bɛ wuli ni doni jɔlen ye, doni min bɛ jɛgɛn, o bɛ wuli i n’a fɔ pendule ka da inertie kan, o bɛ doni wulilenw lawuli slewing drive system kan. Baarakɛla ka kan ka baara kɛ ni valve modulation finman ye walasa ka teliya ni teliya dɔgɔya dɔɔni dɔɔni, ka nɔgɔya — ka swing bali ka kɛ fɛn ye min tɛ se ka kunbɛn.

Cranes minnu bɛ fɛn caman ɲɛfɔ, olu bɛ kunnafoni-falen-falen-minɛnw don slewing circuit kɔnɔ, ka joystick jiginni kariti kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni motɛri teliya ye, ka 'push further = go faster, release = slow down' linear control feel dɔ da min bɛ baarakɛla ka baara hakɛ dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ.

4.5 Kɔrɔta — Kɔrɔta jɔlen

Kɔrɔtalan bɛ baara kɛ ni wulilan ji motɛri ye walasa ka dunun wuli, ka nɛgɛ juru wuli walima ka a bila walasa ka jɛgɛminɛ kɔrɔta walima ka jigin. Hoist motor ye actuator kelen ye min fanga ka bon kosɛbɛ ani min ka baara ka bon kosɛbɛ crane ka hydraulique system kɔnɔ. A ka kan ka baara kɛ cogo nɔgɔman na, teliya basigilen na doni hakɛ dantigɛlen kɔrɔ waati jan kɔnɔ, ka sɔrɔ ka frein minɛcogo dafalen di — ni ji tansiyɔn bɔnɛna kun o kun, frein ka kan ka don a yɛrɛma ani yɔrɔnin kelen walasa doni jɔlen kana bin.

5. Hydraulique Drives bɛ mun di jɔli masinw ma

Ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ masin suguya saba bɛɛ kɔnɔ, jibolisiraw bɛ seko jɔnjɔn caman di jɔli masinw ma:

1 'Wireless' Seko ni dɔnko tilali

Jibolisiraw bɛ se ka sira kɛ ka jirisunw lamini ani ka se yɔrɔ o yɔrɔ la masin kan k’a sɔrɔ u ma kɛ ni bolifɛn gɛlɛnw ye minnu bɛ don jirisunba kɔnɔ.

2 Lamaga-lamagali caman yɛrɛmahɔrɔnyalenw waati kelen na

Pɔnpe kelen bɛ se ka tulu di baarakɛminɛn caman ma waati kelen na; actuator kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ mara a yɛrɛma a yɛrɛ ka valve fɛ k’a sɔrɔ a ma tɔw bali. Sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla bɛ se ka bolokɔni wuli ani k’a janya waati kelen na k’a sɔrɔ a ma kɔnɔni kɛ ko lamaga kelen ka ban sani a ka nata daminɛ.

3 Teliya ni Fini Kɔlɔsili min bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen-falen tuma bɛɛ

Teliya bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛ ni jibɔ ladilanni ye — pɔnpe jiginni walima valve dabɔli. Joystick jɔyɔrɔ bɛ teliya dantigɛ; deflection dafalen kɔrɔ ye teliyaba ye; bɔli kɔrɔ ye ka jɔ. Kontrɔli hakilina ye tilennen ye ani min bɛ se ka faamuya.

4 Fanga caya

Pascal ka sariya fɛ, jiko siratigɛ bɛ se ka doni tɔni tan ni tan mara ni baarakɛla ka cɛsiri fitinin ye. Levier dɔ gɛrɛgɛrɛ nɔgɔman kabini kɔnɔ, o bɛ se ka kamiyɔn doni dafalen kɔrɔta — fanga caya hakɛ min bɛna kɛ sababu ye ka levier mechanisme belebeleba dɔ wajibiya masin gansan siratigɛ la.

5 Yɛrɛlatangacogo min bɛ kɛ ni doni camanba ye otomatiki

Sistɛmu dɛmɛnanw bɛ degun bɔ u yɛrɛma ni a tɛmɛna hakɛ latigɛlen kan, o bɛ a yɔrɔw bɛɛ tanga doni tɛmɛnen tiɲɛni ma. A ka c’a la, masinw ka doni girinya lakanani bɛ tali kɛ 'saraka yɔrɔw' (shear pins) la minnu ka kan ka wuli doni girinyako kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔfɛ; jibolisiraw b’u yɛrɛ tanga ani ka baara daminɛ kokura u yɛrɛma k’a sɔrɔ u ma u sen don a la.

6. Ji-motɛriw bɛ don yɔrɔ min na nin cakɛda in kɔnɔ

Lamaga-lamagali kɛcogo bɛɛ la sanfɛ, ji-motɛriw ye baarakɛminɛn ye min tɛ se ka wuli ka bɔ a nɔ na yɔrɔ o yɔrɔ la, jiginni basigilen bɔli ka kan ka kɛ yɔrɔ min na:

Ji motɛriw bɛ sɔrɔ suguya caman na walasa ka bɛn baarakɛcogo wɛrɛw ma. Piston radial dilancogo — i n’a fɔ Blince LD Series Hydraulic Motors — bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ baara gɛlɛnw na i n’a fɔ excavator swing drives, crane slewing systems, ani marine winches, yɔrɔ minnu na teliya dɔgɔman sabatili, degunba muɲuni, ani shock resistance de wajibiyalen don waati kelen na.

Farankan

So jɔli masin dɔ, n’i y’a lajɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛma, o ye nɛgɛ kɔrɔ fanga jirali ye. Ni an y’a lajɛ ka bɔ kɔnɔna na, o ye kalan ye jiko hakilila la. Fanga min bɛ bɔ motɛri la, o bɛ wuli ji pɔnpe fɛ ka kɛ ji tansiyɔn ye, ka tilatila tubabukan na ka taa jogindaw bɛɛ la, ka wuli silinda fɛ ka kɛ fanga sinsinni ye ani motɛriw fɛ ka kɛ fanga ye min bɛ wuli — laban na, o bɛ kɛwalew ye minnu bɛ ye makɔrɔ-skala la an bɛ minnu ye : bolo bɛ janya, dunun bɛ ɲɔgɔn minɛ, boom bɛ se sankolo la.

O fanga cakɛda in faamuyali bɛ ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw dɛmɛ u ka latigɛ ɲumanw kɛ minɛnw sugandili ni sistɛmu dilanni na. A bɛ baarakɛlaw ni ladonni baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ u ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo jɛlen sɔrɔ walasa ka gɛlɛyaw bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ min na ani mun na, u k’o faamu. Jiko-joli bɛɛ min bɛ jɔli masin kɔnɔ, o ye mekanikiniw, ji-yɔrɔ-ko ani fɛn dilanni tigitigiw faralen ye ɲɔgɔn kan.

Ɲininkaliw

J1: Yala ji-silinda ni ji-motɛriw bɛ se ka baara kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ wa?

Ayi, u ka baara tɛ kelen ye kosɛbɛ: ji-silinda bɛ lamaga-lamagali danma-danma bɔ, wa u tɛ se ka wuli ka taa a fɛ; ji-motɛriw bɛ bɔli kɛ min bɛ wuli ka taa a fɛ, wa u tɛ se ka lamaga-lamagali sinsinni kɛ. Excavateur kan, boom, bolo ani bucket ka kan ka baara kɛ ni silinda ye; swing ni travel ka kan ka baara kɛ ni motɛriw ye — o baara ninnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni lamaga suguya ye min ka kan ka kɛ, wa u tɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn falen-falen.

J2: Mun na sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla bɛ 'over-swing' tuma dɔw la, ka dɛsɛ ka jɔ tigitigi?

Ni sanfɛla-yɔrɔ bɛ Yɛlɛma, a bɛ jiginni-yɔrɔ-ko fanga nafamaba dalajɛ. Ni baarakɛla ye joystick bila, frein bɛ don — nka ni anti-cavitation (make-up) valves tɛ hydraulique circuit kɔnɔ, frein barikama kojugu bɛ vacuum kɛ waati dɔɔnin kɔnɔ circuit kɔnɔ, o bɛ dɔ bɔ motɛrɛ ka frein fanga la ani ka sanfɛla jɔli to a ka taa a fɛ ka coasting kɛ. Bi excavateur swing circuits ka teli ka kɛ ni make-up valves ye minnu bɛ sira fila fɛ, minnu bɛ tulu kɛ fan min ka dɔgɔn, o fa frein waati, o bɛ cavitation ni drift bali. Baara kɛcogo jugu (ka joystick bila joona kojugu) ani ji tulu hakɛ dɔgɔyali, o fila bɛɛ bɛ o nɔ juguya.

J3: Sira-kurunba ka yɛrɛyɛrɛli hakɛ bɛ nɔ jumɛn bila compaction quality la?

Yɛrɛyɛrɛli hakɛ (Hz) ni bonya (mm) bɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ, olu bɛ ɲɔgɔndan kɔlɔlɔw dantigɛ. Fɛrɛnkan dɔgɔman, amplitude ka bon (misali la, 25–30 Hz, amplitude ka bon) bɛ bɛn basigi siraba ma ani fɛnw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan — yɛrɛyɛrɛ jikuru bɛ ​​don kosɛbɛ ni fanga caman ye, ka se ka densification deep-layer sɔrɔ. Fɛrɛnkanba, amplitude dɔgɔman (misali la, 40–50 Hz, amplitude dɔgɔman) bɛ bɛn asfalt sanfɛla lamini finimugu finman ma — fanga bɛ sɔrɔ sanfɛla la k’a sɔrɔ a ma faranfasilenw kari. Paramɛtiriw sugandili jugu bɛ na ni fɛnɲɛnɛma-dafalen ye (aggregate crushing) walima under-compaction (density insuficient), o de y’a to tigitigi rollers high-specification rollers bɛ vibration parameters adjustable di.

J4: Mun na doni min bɛ jɔ, o bɛ wuli ni kurunba bɛ wuli, ani a bɛ se ka dɔgɔya cogo di?

Kɔrɔ ni doni, minnu sirilen bɛ ni nɛgɛ juru ye, olu bɛ kɛ pendule hɔrɔnma ye. Ni crane bɛ teliya walima ka dɔgɔya slewing waati, inertie bɛ doni wuli ka kɛɲɛ ni hook ye, o bɛ swing (swing) da. Swing amplitude bɛ bonya ni jiginni teliya hakɛ ye ani juru janya — juru jan ni teliya teliya bɛ swing belebeleba lase. Dɔgɔyali fɛɛrɛw : baarakɛcogo la, baarakɛla ka kan ka teliya dɔɔni dɔɔni ani cogo kelen na, ka teliya daminɛ kosɛbɛ ka kɔn laɲini jɔyɔrɔ ɲɛ ; minɛnw ta fan fɛ, kunnafoni-falen-falen-minɛnw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka teliyacogo nɔgɔmanw kɛ, wa gɛrɛnw bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo kɔrɔw don a kɔnɔ minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni sensɛriw ye walasa ka jiginni kɛrɛ suman tuma bɛɛ ani ka motɛri teliya musaka bɔ u yɛrɛma.

J5: Dɛsɛ sugu jumɛn de bɛ siran kosɛbɛ jɔli masinw na minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni ji ye?

dɛsɛ min farati ka bon kosɛbɛ , o ye jibolisira barikama ye . Ni hose dɔ tiɲɛna, actuator min banana, o bɛ degun bɔ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka: boom walima bolokɔni jigin barikama (baarakɛlaw jogin farati), crane suspended load free-fall, walima taama min tɛ kunbɛn. Bi masinw bɛ baara kɛ ni balansi-minɛnw ye (doni-minɛnw) walasa ka baarakɛminɛnw lamagacogo bali u yɛrɛma ni layini dɔ karilen don, ka waati san kɔrɔtɔko jaabi kama. Ko nata min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ, o ye ji tulu nɔgɔli juguman ye min bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sigilanw sɛgɛn ani ka valve spool nɔrɔ — o de ye sababu ye min ka teli ka kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛcogo tiɲɛ dɔɔni dɔɔni don o don baara la ani jibolisiraw ladonni kunbɛnni sinsinnan min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ.

J6: Yɛlɛma-lamagali kama, mun na masin dɔw bɛ baara kɛ ni ji-motɛriw ye k’a sɔrɔ dɔw bɛ baara kɛ ni kuran motɛriw ye k’a ɲɛsin u yɛrɛ ma?

Sugandili bɛ bɔ fɛn saba de la: fanga hakɛ, a kɔrɔsicogo, ani baarakɛyɔrɔ . Ji motɛriw bɛ girinya caman di u hakɛ kelen na ka tɛmɛ kuran motɛriw kan minnu bonya ye kelen ye, wa u danma na, u tɛ se ka ji minɛ, u tɛ buguri kɛlɛ, wa u tɛ ni bobinew ye minnu bɛ funteni bɔ — o b’a to u bɛnnen don kosɛbɛ kɛnɛma sigidaw la minnu ka gɛlɛn, minnu bɛ ji la, ani minnu bɛ buguri la. Kuran motɛriw bɛ kunnafoni-falen-falen kɛcogo ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman di (ji-yɔrɔ-ko bɔnɛ tɛ), o b’a to u bɛnnen don so kɔnɔ izini sigidaw ma minnu bɛ se ka kɛ kosɛbɛ, minnu saniyalen don. San laban ninnu na, i n’a fɔ kuran-ji-sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ-minɛnw bolicogo fɛɛrɛ kɔrɔbayara, dan min bɛ o fɛɛrɛ fila ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o ma jɛya: kuran sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlanw b’u ka ji-sɛnɛfɛnw mara baarakɛ-minɛnw kama k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ taama-taama-minɛnw dɔrɔn de bila kuran motɛriw nɔ na — bawo ji-silinda ni motɛriw bɛ to u tɛ se ka suma ni fanga hakɛ ni u kɔlɔsili ye teliya dɔgɔman doni gɛlɛnw cogoyaw la.